下面是Java8中Map的一些新方法merge、compute、computeIfAbsent、computeIfPresent介绍。
我们在项目开发中,经常使用map,key有时存在有时不存,我们需要用containsKey方法进行判断,然后再决定如何修改value。 这样比较麻烦。能不能在一个方法调用就完成这些工作呢(如果key存在value(还可以有其他逻辑判断),就do a,如果不存在就do b)?答案是, 当然可以。
下面直接给出示例和运行结果,参看结果就明白各个方法的具体含义了。
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.function.BiFunction;
/**
* @author yqbjtu
* @data 2018年3月31日 下午6:24:16
* @version 1.0
*
*/
public class MapMain {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
Map<String, String> myMap = new HashMap<>();
String keyA = "A";
String keyB = "B";
String keyC = "C";
String keyD = "D";
String keyE = "E";
String keyF = "F";
String keyG = "G";
String keyH = "H";
myMap.put(keyA, "str01A");
myMap.put(keyB, "str01B");
myMap.put(keyC, "str01C");
System.out.println("myMap initial content:"+ myMap);
myMap.merge(keyA, "merge01", String::concat);
myMap.merge(keyD, "merge01", String::concat);
System.out.println("Map merge demo content:"+ myMap);
BiFunction<String, String, String> biFunc = new BiFunction<String, String, String>(){
@Override
public String apply(String t, String u) {
String result = t;
if (t == null) {
result = u;
}
else {
result += "," + u;
}
return result;
}
};
myMap.merge(keyA, "BiFuncMerge01", biFunc);
myMap.merge(keyE, "BiFuncMerge01", biFunc);
System.out.println("Map customized BiFunction merge demo content:"+ myMap);
String msg = "msgCompute";
myMap.compute(keyB, (k, v) -> (v == null) ? msg : v.concat(msg));
myMap.compute(keyF, (k, v) -> (v == null) ? msg : v.concat(msg));
System.out.println("Map customized BiFunction compute demo content:"+ myMap);
myMap.computeIfAbsent(keyC, k -> genValue(k));
myMap.computeIfAbsent(keyG, k -> genValue(k));
System.out.println("Map customized Function computeIfAbsent demo content:"+ myMap);
myMap.computeIfPresent(keyC, biFunc);
myMap.computeIfPresent(keyH, biFunc);
System.out.println("Map customized biFunc computeIfPresent demo content:"+ myMap);
}
static String genValue(String str) {
System.out.println("===");
return str + "2";
}
}
运行结果
myMap initial content:{A=str01A, B=str01B, C=str01C}
Map merge demo content:{A=str01Amerge01, B=str01B, C=str01C, D=merge01}
Map customized BiFunction merge demo content:{A=str01Amerge01,BiFuncMerge01, B=str01B, C=str01C, D=merge01, E=BiFuncMerge01}
Map customized BiFunction compute demo content:{A=str01Amerge01,BiFuncMerge01, B=str01BmsgCompute, C=str01C, D=merge01, E=BiFuncMerge01, F=msgCompute}
===
Map customized Function computeIfAbsent demo content:{A=str01Amerge01,BiFuncMerge01, B=str01BmsgCompute, C=str01C, D=merge01, E=BiFuncMerge01, F=msgCompute, G=G2}
Map customized biFunc computeIfPresent demo content:{A=str01Amerge01,BiFuncMerge01, B=str01BmsgCompute, C=C,str01C, D=merge01, E=BiFuncMerge01, F=msgCompute, G=G2}